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CPUID - CPU Identification

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Code Mnemonic Description
0F A2 CPUID EAX Processor identification information

Description
Provides processor identification information in registers EAX, EBX, ECX, and EDX. This information identifies Intel as the vendor, gives the family, model, and stepping of processor, feature information, and cache information. An input value loaded into the EAX register determines what information is returned.

Information Returned by CPUID Instruction
Initial EAX Value Information Provided about the Processor
0 EAX Maximum CPUID Input Value (2 for the Pentium ® Pro processor and 1 for the Pentium processor and the later versions of Intel486™ processor that support the CPUID instruction)
EBX "Genu"
ECX "ntel"
EDX "ineI"
1 EAX Version Information (Type, Family, Model, and Stepping ID)
EBX Reserved
ECX Reserved
EDX Feature Information
2 EAX Cache and TLB Information
EBX Cache and TLB Information
ECX Cache and TLB Information
EDX Cache and TLB Information
The CPUID instruction can be executed at any privilege level to serialize instruction execution. Serializing instruction execution guarantees that any modifications to flags, registers, and memory for previous instructions are completed before the next instruction is fetched and executed (see "Serializing Instructions" in Chapter 7 of the Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3).

When the input value in register EAX is 0, the processor returns the highest value the CPUID instruction recognizes in the EAX register (see Table 3-4). A vendor identification string is returned in the EBX, EDX, and ECX registers. For Intel processors, the vendor identification string is "GenuineIntel" as follows:
EBX 756e6547h (* "Genu", with G in the low nibble of BL *)
EDX 49656e69h (* "ineI", with i in the low nibble of DL *)
ECX 6c65746eh (* "ntel", with n in the low nibble of CL *)

When the input value is 1, the processor returns version information in the EAX register and feature information in the EDX register (see Figure 3-3).

Figure 3-3. Version and Feature Information in Registers EAX and EDX.

The version information consists of an Intel Architecture family identifier, a model identifier, a stepping ID, and a processor type. The model, family, and processor type for the first processor in the Intel Pentium Pro family is as follows:
Model 0001B
Family 0110B
Processor Type 00B

See AP-485, Intel Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction (Order Number 241618), the Intel Pentium ® Pro Processor Specification Update (Order Number 242689), and the Intel Pe n t i u m ® Processor Specification Update (Order Number 242480) for more information on identifying earlier Intel Architecture processors.

The available processor types are given in Table 3-5. Intel releases information on stepping IDs as needed.
Type Encoding
Original OEM Processor 00B
Intel OverDrive ® Processor 01B
Dual processor *10B
Intel reserved. 11B

Table 3-6 shows the encoding of the feature flags in the EDX register. A feature flag set to 1 indicates the corresponding feature is supported. Software should identify Intel as the vendor to properly interpret the feature flags.
Bit Feature Description
0 FPU - Floating-Point Unit on Chip Processor contains an FPU and executes the Intel 387 instruction set.
1 VME - Virtual-8086 Mode Enhancements Processor supports the following virtual-8086 mode enhancements:
  • CR4.VME bit enables virtual-8086 mode extensions.
  • CR4.PVI bit enables protected-mode virtual interrupts.
  • Expansion of the TSS with the software indirection bitmap.
  • EFLAGS.VIF bit (virtual interrupt flag).
  • EFLAGS.VIP bit (virtual interrupt pending flag).
2 DE - Debugging Extensions Processor supports I/O breakpoints, including the CR4.DE bit for enabling debug extensions and optional trapping of access to the DR4 and DR5 registers.
3 PSE - Page Size Extensions Processor supports 4-Mbyte pages, including the CR4.PSE bit for enabling page size extensions, the modified bit in page directory entries (PDEs), page directory entries, and page table entries (PTEs).
4 TSC—Time Stamp Counter Processor supports the RDTSC (read time stamp counter) instruction, including the CR4.TSD bit that, along with the CPL, controls whether the time stamp counter can be read.
5 MSR - Model Specific Registers Processor supports the RDMSR (read model-specific register) and WRMSR (write model-specific register) instructions.
6 PAE - Physical Address Extension Processor supports physical addresses greater than 32 bits, the extended page-table-entry format, an extra level in the page translation tables, and 2-MByte pages. The CR4.PAE bit enables this feature. The number of address bits is implementation specific. The Pentium ® Pro processor supports 36 bits of addressing when the PAE bit is set.
7 MCE—Machine Check Exception Processor supports the CR4.MCE bit, enabling machine check exceptions. However, this feature does not define the model-specific implementations of machine-check error logging, reporting, or processor shutdowns. Machine-check exception handlers might have to check the processor version to do model-specific processing of the exception or check for the presence of the standard machine-check feature
8 CX8—CMPXCHG8B Instruction Processor supports the CMPXCHG8B (compare and exchange 8 bytes) instruction.
9 APIC Processor contains an on-chip Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) and it has been enabled and is available for use.
10 Reserved
11 Reserved
12 MTRR - Memory Type Range Registers Processor supports machine-specific memory-type range registers (MTRRs). The MTRRs contains bit fields that indicate the processor's MTRR capabilities, including which memory types the processor supports, the number of variable MTRRs the processor supports, and whether the processor supports fixed MTRRs.
13 PGE - PTE Global Flag Processor supports the CR4.PGE flag enabling the global bit in both PTDEs and PTEs. These bits are used to indicate translation lookaside buffer (TLB) entries that are common to different tasks and need not be flushed when control register CR3 is written.
14 MCA—Machine Check Architecture Processor supports the MCG_CAP (machine check global capability) MSR. The MCG_CAP register indicates how many banks of error reporting MSRs the processor supports.
15 CMOV—Conditional Move and Compare Instructions Processor supports the CMOV cc instruction and, if the FPU feature flag (bit 0) is also set, supports the FCMOV cc and FCOMI instructions.
16 Reserved
17 Reserved
18 Reserved
19 Reserved
20 Reserved
21 Reserved
22 Reserved
23 MMX™ Technology Processor supports the MMX instruction set. These instructions operate in parallel on multiple data elements (8 bytes, 4 words, or 2 doublewords) packed into quadword registers or memory locations.
24 Reserved
25 Reserved
26 Reserved
27 Reserved
28 Reserved
29 Reserved
30 Reserved
31 Reserved

When the input value is 2, the processor returns information about the processor's internal caches and TLBs in the EAX, EBX, ECX, and EDX registers. The encoding of these registers is as follows:

Descriptor Value Cache or TLB Description
00H Null descriptor
01H Instruction TLB: 4K-Byte Pages, 4-way set associative, 32 entries
02H Instruction TLB: 4M-Byte Pages, 4-way set associative, 4 entries
03H Data TLB: 4K-Byte Pages, 4-way set associative, 64 entries
04H Data TLB: 4M-Byte Pages, 4-way set associative, 8 entries
06H Instruction cache: 8K Bytes, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size
08H Instruction cache: 16K Bytes, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size
0AH Data cache: 8K Bytes, 2-way set associative, 32 byte line size
0CH Data cache: 16K Bytes, 2-way set associative, 32 byte line size
41H Unified cache: 128K Bytes, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size
42H Unified cache: 256K Bytes, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size
43H Unified cache: 512K Bytes, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size
44H Unified cache: 1M Byte, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size

The first member of the Pentium Pro processor family will return the following information about caches and TLBs when the CPUID instruction is executed with an input value of 2:
EAX 03 02 01 01H
EBX 0H
ECX 0H
EDX 06 04 0A 42H

These values are interpreted as follows:
Operands Bytes Clocks
2 14 NP

Flags
ID unaffected DF unaffected
VIP unaffected IF unaffected
VIF unaffected TF unaffected
AC unaffected SF unaffected
VM unaffected ZF unaffected
RF unaffected AF unaffected
NT unaffected PF unaffected
IOPL unaffected CF unaffected
OF unaffected